Innsbruck behaves like a village that happens to be a provincial capital. The dense centre is barely a kilometre across, the grey limestone wall of the Nordkette stands directly behind the rooftops, and you can walk from the Golden Roof to the far bank of the Inn in well under ten minutes. That geography is the most useful thing to know before you decide where to eat here, because it removes the usual problem. You are never choosing between districts that are inconveniently far apart. You are choosing between districts that feel entirely different and happen to sit inside the same short walk.

So what follows is a map rather than a ranking. Give the city three days and you can eat through all of it without once taking a taxi. The only journey that needs transport at all goes straight up, and it takes about twenty minutes.

One piece of timing before anything else: Innsbruck eats early. Kitchens in traditional houses frequently stop taking orders somewhere around nine in the evening, and many of them close one full day a week, usually Sunday or Monday. In the snow months and over Christmas, book. In late spring and November, when the lifts pause between seasons, check that your first choice has not shut for its own holiday.

The Altstadt, where the trap and the real thing share a lane

The Old Town is small enough to cross in four minutes and touristed enough that the two categories stand side by side. The rule of thumb that holds up: walk past anything with a laminated photo menu in six languages and a host working the pavement on the main pedestrian run below the Golden Roof. The rooms worth your evening are on the side lanes and they do not need to shout.

die Wilderin is the one to book first. It sits in a stone alley just off the Old Town's main drag and cooks hyper-seasonal Tyrolean food nose to tail, which is exactly what it sounds like: the menu changes weekly according to what local farmers and hunters have actually delivered, and the kitchen uses the whole animal rather than the four fashionable cuts. Game is the house strength, so the room makes most sense in autumn. Gault Millau has awarded it a toque, and at the time of writing rates it around 12.5 points. Expect a main course somewhere in the region of EUR 25 to 35, and reserve several days out.

Ottoburg occupies one of the oldest buildings in the city, a squat medieval tower near the river end of the Old Town, and it is the place to eat the regional pasta properly. The kitchen makes its own Schlutzkrapfen, and unusually for an alpine capital it takes fish seriously, with monkfish and pike perch turning up regularly. Prices sit in a similar bracket to die Wilderin.

Stiftskeller is the large, loud, vaulted option with a big courtyard, and it is the right answer for a group of six that cannot agree. Barley soup, Kaspressknoedel soup, Wiener Schnitzel of veal, roast suckling pig with sauerkraut and pretzel dumplings, apple strudel to close. It is not a discovery and it is not trying to be, but the cooking is honest and the scale means you can often walk in.

Speckeria is the quick version of the same idea, a small room on one of the busier Old Town streets doing cured Tyrolean pork and regional plates. Half an hour, a board of Speck and cheese, a beer, and you are back out, for something in the order of EUR 15 to 20.

For the afternoon, Cafe Konditorei Munding is the institution. It stands on the Kiebachgasse lane a hundred metres or so west of the Golden Roof, and the family states it has been running a confectionery in the same seventeenth-century house since 1803, which by its own account makes it the oldest cafe in the city. Order strudel and an Einspaenner, the black coffee served under a cap of whipped cream, and take the house chocolates away with you. Expect roughly EUR 10 to 15 for cake and coffee.

What to order, whatever the room

Tyrolean cooking is farmhouse cooking, built on potato, cured pork, bread, curd cheese and butter. Learning six words is worth as much as any restaurant list.

Tiroler Groestl is the flagship: sliced potato, onion and beef or pork fried hard in a pan until the edges catch, a fried egg on top. It is usually the cheapest hot dish on a traditional menu, often around EUR 15 to 20, and a good test of a kitchen because there is nowhere to hide.

Schlutzkrapfen are the half-moon pasta of the region, normally filled with spinach and curd cheese, finished with browned butter, parmesan and chives. This is the one to seek out and, conveniently, usually the one good vegetarian option on an otherwise pork-heavy card.

Kaspressknoedel are flattened cheese dumplings, almost always served in clear beef broth as Kaspressknoedelsuppe, and they are winter food in the most literal sense. Speckknoedel are the bacon version, served in broth or dry with sauerkraut. Schinkenrahmspatzln is spaetzle with ham in cream, which appears on inn menus across the city and is as heavy as it reads.

For dessert, Kaiserschmarrn is a shredded, caramelised pancake torn up in the pan and served with plum compote. Restaurants portion it for one, but it comfortably feeds two, and after a day on the mountain that is not a criticism. Otherwise apple strudel with vanilla sauce.

To drink: Tyrolean beer is the default, Zirbenschnaps made from stone pine cones is the local digestif and tastes of resin and Christmas, and the wine list will be Austrian but from elsewhere in the country, since Tyrol grows almost none of its own.

Maria-Theresien-Strasse and the modern kitchens

Walk south out of the Old Town and the streetscape opens into the broad nineteenth-century boulevard with the Triumphal Arch at its far end. This is where Innsbruck's contemporary cooking lives.

Das Schindler occupies a former school building on the boulevard and reads as an urban brasserie rather than an alpine inn: cocktails at the front, contemporary seasonal cooking behind, offered in the evening as a three or four course set menu alongside an a la carte list. The Michelin guide's Austria edition lists it in the higher of its two mid-range price brackets.

Lichtblick is the view. It sits on the seventh floor of the RathausGalerien, which means riding a lift through a shopping centre, an approach so unpromising that people assume they have the wrong building until the doors open onto glass on every side and the Nordkette filling the north windows. The kitchen serves set menus of three or four courses at dinner and something simpler at lunch. The summer terrace draws a crowd at sunset, and the lunch menu is the least expensive way to buy that view.

Above these sit two rooms for a planned occasion. Sitzwohl cooks in a classic register, Austrian foundations with Mediterranean turns, under chefs Irmgard Sitzwohl and Elisabeth Geisler. Oniriq is the kitchen the Michelin guide places in its top price bracket for creative cooking in Innsbruck, a seven-table room offering only tasting menus, one vegetarian and one with fish and meat, at three or seven courses with wine flights of five or seven glasses. There is no a la carte. Book weeks ahead and expect a bill well into three figures per person once wine is counted.

The Markthalle, and why it has to be a morning

The covered market sits on the Inn embankment a few minutes west of the Old Town, and it is worth an hour of anyone's morning. Something over forty traders share roughly 1,875 square metres: alpine cheese, cured Speck, bread, fish, antipasti, olives, spices, herbs, and a farmers market of Tyrolean growers along the outside.

The critical detail is the clock. The farmers market generally runs mornings only, Monday to Saturday, and the whole complex is typically closed on Sundays. Arrive by mid-morning and the produce is intact; arrive at four in the afternoon and half the stalls are shuttered. A handful of small counters inside serve cooked food through the day, so you can eat a bowl of something at a shared table and then buy Speck and mountain cheese to carry up the mountain the next morning. Budget maybe EUR 10 to 15 for lunch, less if you are assembling a picnic.

Across the river: Mariahilf and St. Nikolaus

The painted row on the left bank is the photograph everybody takes, and it is worth being honest about what it offers a hungry traveller. Mariahilfzeile and the Innstrasse behind it hold cafes and bars rather than a dining district: Colours Cafe Bar on the Innstrasse side does coffee, sandwiches, omelettes and wine for somewhere around EUR 10 to 20 a head, and there are a few similar rooms along the strip.

Treat it as a late-afternoon walk with a drink at the end rather than a dinner plan. Cross by the Innsteg footbridge, look back at the row from the Old Town side where the light actually falls on the facades, and note the wayside shrine at the corner of Hoettinger Gasse and the Innstrasse, which dates to the early fifteenth century and is among the oldest in the city. Then walk back over for dinner.

Wilten, where people who live here eat

South-west beyond the Triumphal Arch, along the tram line towards the Bergisel, Wilten is residential and student-heavy and prices drop accordingly. The Wiltener Platzl is its centre of gravity.

Wilten Brunch & Bar draws the crowds, doing brunch by day and cocktails at night; Tripadvisor currently ranks it first among the city's four hundred-odd restaurants, which means weekend reservations are genuinely necessary rather than merely advisable. Le Murge on the Platzl is Italian, and the local advice is to use it twice: cappuccino and cornetti in the morning sun, a glass of wine in the evening. Riese Haymon is the neighbourhood inn, with Groestl, Schnitzel and Schinkenrahmspatzln at prices below anything in the Old Town. Vitrine does vegetarian sandwiches to take away, and Hao Wei Dao is the district's Chinese kitchen, recently redone.

For a cheap proper meal, Machete Burrito Kartell near the university and clinic quarter on the Anichstrasse side does a very short menu of build-your-own burritos and tacos, quickly, for around EUR 10.

Dinner at 1,905 metres

This is the meal that sets Innsbruck apart from most alpine cities, and the logistics are simpler than they sound. The Hungerburgbahn funicular leaves from the Congress station in the middle of town, climbs through the hillside, and connects to the Seegrubenbahn cable car. Twenty minutes after leaving the Old Town you step out at Seegrube at 1,905 metres with the entire city laid out below you.

There are three options up there. The Seegrube restaurant is the sit-down one, open year round, cooking Tyrolean dishes with the windows doing most of the work. The Panorama Alpenlounge next to it is self-service and faster. In winter the Cloud 9 igloo bar operates on the snow outside. A second cable car continues to Hafelekar at 2,256 metres, where the station building holds a small snack stop rather than a restaurant.

Two practical warnings. First, check the last descent before you order another round, because the timetable moves with the season and the alternative is a long walk down in the dark. Second, do not go on a cloudy day; you are buying the view, and inside the cloud there is nothing to buy. If the Nordkette is socked in, Bergisel Sky, the panorama restaurant at the top of the ski jump tower above Wilten, sits far lower and often stays clear.

Eating by season

Late autumn, roughly October into November, is game season, and it is when die Wilderin's kitchen is at full stretch. From late November the Christmas markets open across the city, and the food to look for is Tiroler Kiachl, a flat disc of fried dough eaten either savoury with sauerkraut or sweet with lingonberry jam, alongside Gluehwein, both for a few euros. Ski season pushes demand hard from around Christmas through March, so book. Summer is terrace season and the only time the mountain restaurants are pleasant to linger outside at.

Three days, in order

Day one, stay in the Old Town: Munding in the afternoon, die Wilderin for dinner, booked before you arrive. Day two, the Markthalle in the morning, lunch on the boulevard, the Nordkette in the late afternoon for the view and an early dinner at Seegrube. Day three, Wilten for brunch and a wander, the painted houses and a drink on the far bank in the golden hour, and a final dinner at Ottoburg or, if this is the occasion you came for, Oniriq.

Skip: the photo-menu restaurants on the main Old Town run, the mountain on a grey day, and any attempt to eat dinner after ten.